According to Émile Durkheim, what does the division of labor in society help determine?

Émile Durkheim proposed that the division of labor plays a crucial role in shaping social cohesion within a society. In his view, as societies evolve from simple to more complex structures, the division of labor becomes more specialized. This specialization fosters interdependence among individuals, as people rely on one another's unique skills and contributions.

Durkheim argued that this interdependence helps maintain social order and solidarity, as individuals recognize their roles within the larger societal framework. In societies with a high degree of division of labor, individuals may experience mechanical solidarity based on shared beliefs and values, transitioning to organic solidarity, where social cohesion arises from the interdependence and differentiation of various roles.

Thus, the division of labor is integral to understanding how social cohesion is upheld, illustrating the relationship that individuals have with one another and the society they inhabit. This perspective emphasizes the importance of social structure and functional relationships in maintaining societal stability.