What is the basis for the conflicts described in Karl Marx’s view of society?

In Karl Marx's view of society, the basis for conflicts centers on class struggle, specifically between the capitalists (the bourgeoisie) who own the means of production and the workers (the proletariat) who sell their labor. Marx theorized that the economic structure of a society fundamentally influences its social and political dynamics. He argued that the relationship between these two classes is inherently conflictual because capitalists seek to maximize their profits by minimizing labor costs, leading to exploitation and alienation of workers. This struggle for power and resources creates ongoing tensions that can manifest in various forms of social conflict, such as strikes, protests, and revolutions.

Marx’s analysis emphasizes that these conflicts are rooted in the economic inequalities and systemic injustices of capitalist societies, making class struggle the driving force behind historical and societal changes. The other options, while significant in sociological discourse, do not align with Marx's primary focus on economic class dynamics as the source of societal conflict.