Which of the following describes the deductive approach to research? The researcher

The deductive approach to research is characterized by starting with a theory or a general principle and then narrowing it down to specific hypotheses. This process involves forming testable hypotheses based on the overarching theory. After developing these hypotheses, the researcher conducts observations or experiments to test them. Finally, the data collected from these observations are analyzed to determine if they support or refute the original theory. This systematic approach emphasizes the importance of theory in guiding the research process and is foundational in many scientific disciplines.

The choice that describes this methodology accurately illustrates the logical flow from a broad theoretical framework to specific predictions and real-world observations, which is the crux of the deductive reasoning process. It involves a structured approach that is typically used in quantitative research where clear hypotheses are tested against observable and quantifiable data.